Top 10 Must Have Attachments For Excavator

A proper construction site is hard to imagine without an excavator, here are the top 10 must-have attachments for the next project.

Switching out attachments can quickly transform an excavator from a jackhammer to a mower and the best part is that there are options for excavators of every size. Let’s take a look at the essential attachments that give excavators the versatility and flexibility they’re famous for. 

Auger Drills

Auger drills are indispensable tools for excavators, designed with a spiral mechanism that efficiently drills holes into various materials. These drills, resembling giant screws, penetrate the ground with a rotating motion and lift the excavated material, leaving a clear and precise hole behind. One of their key advantages is their versatility, allowing for use on different terrains, including earth, pavement, wood, or even ice.

What sets auger drills apart is their adaptability, available in sizes ranging from 4 inches to 4 feet, with digging depths extending up to 33 feet. This makes them ideal for a multitude of tasks, from planting trees and creating foundational pillars to constructing robust foundations. Whether your project involves drilling straight downward into different materials, auger drills stand out as versatile and reliable tools, proving invaluable in the realm of construction.

Buckets

The quintessential attachment for an excavator is the bucket, crafted from robust steel and featuring teeth along its front edge for effective ground penetration. Buckets are versatile, available in various shapes and sizes, and are the expected attachment on an excavator. While their primary function is material scooping and movement, selecting the right bucket for the task enhances an excavator's efficiency.

Several popular bucket types cater to specific needs:

1. General bucket: Maximize material filling and handle light-duty grading and leveling.

2. Dirt bucket: Durable and designed for digging, moving rocks, and handling dirt.

3. Rock bucket: Ideal for stone and gravel handling, allowing soil to sift through the bottom.

4. Heavy-duty bucket: Suited for moving sturdy materials, road construction, and leveling rough terrains.

5. Light material bucket: Perfect for removing light materials like snow, offering higher capacity.

6. Low-profile bucket: Compact for tight spaces, featuring a longer lip and lower back for enhanced visibility and precision.

Choosing the right bucket is crucial, whether for rock removal or debris pickup. The proper bucket enhances operator productivity, reduces operating costs, and ensures that an excavator performs optimally for specific tasks.

Trenchers

For precision in digging tasks, especially when creating trenches, opting for a trencher proves to be a superior choice over a conventional bucket. Lionel Smitka, the marketing manager at Digga Australia, a leading machinery attachment manufacturer, highly recommends trenchers as a top choice for excavator attachments. According to Smitka, using a trencher on an excavator translates to significant time and cost savings.

Trenchers specialize in digging trenches exclusively, making them much faster than alternative attachments like buckets for such purposes. To illustrate, the time and fuel required for multiple excavators with buckets to dig a trench can be surpassed by a single trencher. Moreover, trenchers refine backfilling, ensuring a smoother return to the trench without sinkage.

An often overlooked advantage is the trencher's ability to operate in close proximity to buildings and other structures, making them ideal for challenging trenching jobs. Their versatility extends to handling rockier soil types, allowing their use in utility installations, footings, and irrigation systems.

Despite their reliability and efficiency, Smitka notes that trenchers are often underrated among excavator attachments, with some contractors still relying on buckets for trenching. To gain a competitive edge, Smitka suggests embracing trenchers more frequently for construction projects. 

Compactors

When the task at hand involves compacting the ground, the go-to tool is a compactor. However, the key to selecting the right compactor lies in understanding and identifying the soil type. Granular soil, comprising particles like sand and gravel, tends to crumble easily. When subjected to vibration energy during compaction, there's reduced friction, and the particles settle in a way that restricts movement. In such cases, a plate compactor proves to be the more suitable choice.

A typical plate compactor features a flat plate that swiftly moves on the ground. The rapid impacts, coupled with the weight of the plate, effectively compress the ground beneath. The ability to rotate up to 360 degrees makes plate compactors ideal for working in narrow trenches or reaching areas inaccessible to rollers.

On the flip side, cohesive soil, which contains more clay, demands a different approach. This type of soil requires more impact force to knead out air and excess water for effective compression. For this purpose, a wheel compactor with roller bearings becomes the preferred tool. While some contractors may opt for manual soil compression, using a compactor proves to be a more time-saving, cost-effective, and efficient approach.

Couplers

Efficiency at a construction site hinges on having the right tools, and a coupler stands out as a game-changer. Offering swift attachment changes, couplers allow you to seamlessly switch from a bucket to a compactor, saving valuable time. Notably, a glass recycler in South Carolina utilizing hydraulic couplers for their heavy equipment has reported saving up to half an hour during attachment changes.

This time-saving aspect is particularly crucial in construction projects where frequent changes are the norm. Hydraulic couplers, also known as quick couplers, not only streamline the process but also enable operators to work without leaving the cab, enhancing convenience. On the other hand, some contractors may find mechanical couplers more cost-effective if they don't frequently change attachments. However, it's essential to note that with mechanical couplers, operators need to leave the cab for each attachment change, requiring two employees and potentially introducing some inconvenience.

Despite this, continuous development in coupler technology aims at improving performance and safety. When deciding between hydraulic and mechanical couplers, the choice ultimately boils down to what makes the most sense for the company and the specific requirements of a project.

Various Grapples

Grapples, although more commonly associated with forestry tasks, have found their utility on construction sites as well. Characterized by two sizable claw-like clamps operated hydraulically, these attachments can rotate and move at various angles, enabling the lifting and transportation of heavy materials regardless of size or shape.

The precision and power inherent in grapples make them invaluable for a range of tasks, including demolition, trash removal, and land clearing. However, it's crucial to underscore the importance of maintenance, especially for grapples. Regular upkeep is essential, as the fingers on the clamp can wear out over time and may need replacement.

Neglecting proper maintenance for grapples poses risks, as a worn-out attachment may lose its grip, introducing potential dangers when handling heavy materials. In essence, grapples emerge as versatile attachments capable of managing various materials, suitable for both straightforward and more robust applications, provided they receive the necessary care and attention.

Hammers

Hammers or breakers serve as specialized attachments designed for breaking up materials, offering a diverse range of options to cater to specific needs. When selecting the right hammer, the choice hinges on the material at hand, and here are the three primary types:

1. Blunt Tool

1. Purpose: Ideal for breaking oversized materials with impact braking.

2. Mechanism: Delivers a high impact over a larger area.

3. Application: Best suited for large-scale demolition where penetration requires a broad impact.

2. Chisel Tool

1. Purpose: Used for penetration breaking when removing large pieces of material is required.

2. Mechanism: Concentrates energy on a small working area for precise breaking.

3. Application: Well-suited for trenching and utility work where the focus is on breaking materials into manageable chunks.

3. Moil Tool

1. Purpose: Primarily employed for the demolition of rebarred concrete.

2. Mechanism: Penetrates through mesh wires, making it effective for breaking down concrete buildings and structures.

3. Application: Particularly useful for tasks requiring precise and controlled demolition, especially in scenarios involving reinforced concrete.

In summary, the versatility of hammers becomes apparent as they offer tailored solutions for different breaking needs, ensuring efficient and controlled demolition across various materials and applications.

Flail Mower

Attaching a flail mower to your mini excavator empowers you to effortlessly clear overgrown areas, extending from highway roadsides to riverbanks. Flail mowers excel at handling vegetation on diverse terrains, including hillsides, ditches, and trails, showcasing their adaptability. The combination of the mini excavator's long reach and the flail mower's rotating knives proves highly effective in clearing any landscape.

One notable advantage of flail mowers is their safety feature. The rotating flail knives have the ability to bounce off hard objects like rocks, mitigating potential hazards. This contrasts with regular mowers that may throw rocks, posing risks to people and structures and causing damage.

Flail mowers are available in various sizes and configurations, but their primary function remains consistent—preparing the land by efficiently clearing thick trees and shrubbery. The versatility of flail mowers, coupled with their safety benefits, positions them as valuable attachments for land preparation, ensuring optimal results in vegetation clearance across different terrains.

Rakes

Rakes, another crucial attachment for land preparation, share a similarity with grapples in their utilization of fingers, or tines, available in varying sizes and spacing. These evenly spaced tines play a pivotal role in smoothing out the soil during the land preparation process.

With a rake attachment, you gain the capability to clear additional debris and break up substantial material chunks, effectively grooming the site for subsequent work. Providers often distinguish between general-purpose and land clearance rakes. The former is ideal for covering a wide area swiftly where significant digging power is unnecessary to break up the soil.

Land clearance rakes, in contrast, come with varied gaps between tines, catering to different types of work. For tasks involving large debris such as rocks, thicker tines with larger gaps are preferred. However, it's essential to find a rake with a tiny gap that prevents clogging while efficiently handling the specific demands of the job.

Rake attachments prove indispensable for extensive and efficient land clearing jobs, offering simplicity in use alongside their multifunctionality. 

Rippers

Rippers play a pivotal role as the initial force breaking through tough or frozen terrains. These attachments boast a straightforward design, featuring a pointed end reminiscent of a dinosaur tooth, allowing them to cut powerfully through various types of hardened ground.

Contractors favor rippers when confronted with challenging terrains like rock, shale, or permafrost due to their exceptional ability to penetrate such hard surfaces. Besides their effectiveness, rippers are a preferred choice for breaking ground because of their ease and speed of operation, coupled with their near-silent operation.

When faced with challenging soils, utilizing specialized attachments like rippers proves to be more cost-efficient and productive. Unlike traditional buckets that might crack when attempting to dig into the frozen ground, investing in a ripper attachment ensures longevity and sustained efficiency in overcoming challenging terrains.

Hydraulic Thumbs

When dealing with irregularly shaped materials that don't conform to the confines of a bucket, a hydraulic thumb becomes an invaluable attachment. This large clamp is seamlessly connected to a bucket, effectively securing and stabilizing loads for efficient material transportation and removal, ultimately enhancing overall productivity.

Ease of operation is a hallmark of hydraulic thumbs, as operators can effortlessly control them using a thumbwheel stick on the joystick, adjusting the clamping speed with precision. This user-friendly design ensures that operators can easily adapt to various tasks without unnecessary complexity.

Hydraulic thumbs go beyond mere clamping; they provide additional grip, allowing operators to finely control the pressure applied to objects, preventing unintended damage. This versatility makes hydraulic thumbs suitable for a wide range of applications. Whether engaged in utility installation, landscaping, demolition, road construction, or forestry, hydraulic thumbs prove to be indispensable tools, enabling operators to securely grasp objects of diverse shapes and sizes.

Conclusion 

Excavators, versatile workhorses in construction, derive their operational prowess from strategic attachments. A quick change in attachment transforms an excavator from digging to brush cutting, showcasing its adaptability. The key to optimizing an excavator's potential lies in selecting the right attachment for the specific task at hand. With Bonovo's extensive range of excavator attachments, tailored solutions await every construction need—simply determine your work requirements, and the perfect attachment awaits.